| 原文 | 译文 | 详情 |
|---|---|---|
| 创新政府、廉洁政府和服务型政府 | an innovative, clean, and service-oriented government | - |
| 政府机构改革 | government institutional reform | - |
| 转变政府职能 | transform government functions | - |
| 简政放权、放管结合 | streamline government functions and administration and delegate powers while improving regulation | - |
| 用政府权力的“减法”，换取市场活力的“乘法” | cut government powers to boost market vitality | - |
| 法定职责必须为、法无授权不可为 | Government must carry out all statutory functions and duties and may not do anything not authorized by law. | - |
| 政府责任清单 | list of government responsibilities | - |
| 市场准入负面清单 | market access negative list | - |
| 行政审批 | government review and approval | - |
| 简化对外投资审批程序 | simplify procedures for reviewing outbound investment | - |
| 实施大部门制 | merge and streamline government departments | - |
| 商事制度改革 | reform of the business system | - |
| 基本公共服务均等化 | ensure equitable access to basic public services | - |
| 全面规范、公开透明的预算制度 | a comprehensive, well-regulated, and transparent budget system | - |
| “四个全面”战略布局 | Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy | - |
| “两个一百年”奋斗目标 | Two Centenary Goals | - |
| 双目标 | dual objectives | - |
| 双引擎 | twin engines | - |
| 新常态 | new normal | - |
| 高压态势 | tough stance | - |
| 硬骨头 | tough issue | - |
| 拦路虎 | tiger in the road | - |
| 扶上马、送一程 | give (sb) a leg up to get (sb) going | - |
| 创客 | maker | - |
| 众创空间 | maker space | - |
| 中国制造2025 | Made in China 2025 strategy | - |
| “互联网+”行动计划 | Internet Plus Action Plan | - |
| 普惠金融 | inclusive finance | - |
| 税收法定原则 | principle of law-based taxation | - |
| 保持战略定力 | maintain strategic focus | - |
| 经济行稳致远 | maintain sustainable economic growth | - |
| 强农惠农富农 | strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and raise rural living standards | - |
| 健康稳定的大国关系框架 | a sound and stable framework for major-country relations | - |
| 为公平竞争搭好舞台 | level the playing field for fair competition | - |
| 织密织牢民生保障网 | develop a tightly woven and sturdy safety net | - |
| 让更多的金融活水流向实体经济 | allow more financial resources to be channeled into the real economy | - |
| 从制造大国转向制造强国 | transform China from a manufacturer of quantity to one of quality | - |
| 加强国际传播能力建设 | improve our ability to communicate effectively with international audiences | - |
| 结构性减税和普遍性降费 | make structural tax reductions and cut fees across the board | - |
| 精准扶贫、精准脱贫 | take targeted measures to help people lift themselves out of poverty | - |
| 以释放市场活力对冲经济下行压力 | invigorate the market to offset downward economic pressure | - |
| 保基本、兜底线、建机制 | build up a basic safety net, ensure there is a cushion in place for those most in need, and make due institutional arrangements | - |
| 有权不可任性 | Power is not to be used arbitrarily. | - |
| 社会主义法治国家 | socialist rule of law country; | - |
| 社会主义法治国家 | socialist country built on the rule of law | - |
| 建设法治中国 | build a rule of law China | - |
| 依法治国 | law-based governance of the country | - |
| 依法执政 | law-based exercise of state power | - |
| 依法行政 | law-based administration of government | - |
| 依宪治国 | governance of the country on the basis of its constitution | - |
| 宪法日 | Constitution Day | - |
| 法律是治国之重器，良法是善治之前提 | The law is of great value in the governance of a country, and good laws are a prerequisite for good governance. | - |
| 法治体系 | rule of law system | - |
| 于法有据 | have a legal basis | - |
| 法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设 | a holistic approach to strengthening the rule of law in the country, in its government, and in society | - |
| 有法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究 | ensure that laws are put in place, observed, and strictly enforced and that anyone who violates the law is held to account | - |
| 执法责任制 | accountability system for law enforcement | - |
| 人民陪审员制度 | system of people’s assessors | - |
| 重大决策终身责任追究制度 | system of lifelong accountability for major decisions | - |
| 重大决策责任倒查机制 | mechanism for retroactive investigation into accountability for major decisions | - |
| 政府权力清单 | list of government powers | - |
| 依法治国和以德治国相结合 | combine the rule of law with the rule of virtue | - |
| 天下之事，不难于立法，而难于法之必行 | In the governance of a country, it is the enforcement, not the enactment, of law that presents the greatest challenge. | - |
| 法立，有犯而必施；令出，唯行而不返 | Once enacted, a law must be enforced and anyone who violates it must be held to account. | - |
| 中国人民抗日战争 | the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (the War of Resistance) | - |
| 抗日民族统一战线 | Chinese united front against Japanese aggression | - |
| 全面全民族抗战 | total resistance against Japanese aggression by the whole nation | - |
| 片面抗战 | partial resistance against Japanese aggression | - |
| 全国抗战 | nationwide war of resistance against Japanese aggression | - |
| 局部抗战 | regional war of resistance against Japanese aggression | - |
| 正面战场 | center stage battlefield | - |
| 敌后战场 | backstage battlefield | - |
| 战略防御/相持/反攻 | strategic defense/stalemate/counter-offensive | - |
| 世界反法西斯战争 | the Global War against Fascism | - |
| 国际反法西斯统一战线 | the international anti-fascist united front | - |
| 战争策源地 | hotbed of war | - |
| 中国战场 | China theater | - |
| 欧洲战场 | European theater | - |
| 太平洋战场 | Pacific theater | - |
| 东方主战场 | the main Eastern battlefield | - |
| 无条件投降 | unconditional surrender | - |
| 中国人民抗日战争胜利纪念日 | Victory Memorial Day for the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (VM Day) | - |
| 九一八事变 | September 18th Incident | - |
| 七七事变（卢沟桥事变） | July 7th Incident (Lugou Bridge Incident) | - |
| 淞沪会战 | Battle of Shanghai | - |
| 平型关大捷 | Battle of Pingxingguan; victory at Pingxingguan | - |
| 台儿庄大捷 | Battle of Tai’erzhuang; victory at Tai’erzhuang | - |
| 武汉会战 | Battle of Wuhan | - |
| 百团大战 | Hundred-Regiment Campaign | - |
| 八路军 | Eighth Route Army | - |
| 新四军 | New Fourth Army | - |
| 东北抗日联军 | Northeast United Resistance Army | - |
| 华南人民抗日游击队 | Southern China People’s Counter-Japanese Guerrilla Force | - |
| 中国远征军 | Chinese Expeditionary Force | - |
| 持久战 | protracted war | - |
| 游击战 | guerrilla warfare | - |
| 运动战 | mobile warfare | - |
| 地道战 | tunnel warfare | - |
| 地雷战 | landmine warfare | - |
| 抗日根据地 | resistance base | - |
| 解放区 | liberated area | - |
| 游击区 | guerrilla area | - |
| 敌占区（沦陷区） | enemy-occupied area; occupied area | - |
| “大东亚共荣圈” | “Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere” | - |
| “三光”政策 | “Three Alls” policy (kill all, burn all, loot all) | - |
| “731部队”（满洲第731部队） | “Unit 731” (Unit 731 of Manchuria) | - |
| 南京大屠杀 | Nanjing Massacre | - |
| “慰安妇” | “comfort women” | - |
| 细菌战 | germ warfare | - |
| 化学战 | chemical warfare | - |
| “扫荡” | “mopping-up” operation | - |
| “蚕食” | “gnawing-away” operation | - |
| “清乡” | “pacification” operation | - |
| 中国梦 | Chinese Dream | - |
| 中国道路 | Chinese path | - |
| 中国精神 | Chinese spirit | - |
| 中国力量 | Chinese strength | - |
| 中国方案 | Chinese approach | - |
| 和平发展道路 | path of peaceful development | - |
| 互利共赢的开放战略 | mutually beneficial opening up strategy | - |
| 世界人民的梦想 | dreams of all peoples | - |
| 命运共同体 | community with a common future | - |
| 苟日新，日日新，又日新 | If you can improve yourself in a day, do so each day, forever building on improvement. | - |
| 千里之行，始于足下 | A journey of a thousand li begins with a single step. | - |
| 政贵有恒 | Consistency is valuable in governance. | - |
| 功崇惟志，业广惟勤 | Great accomplishments require ambition and tireless effort. | - |
| 鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已 | I will work heart and soul for my country to the day I draw my last breath. | - |
| 兄弟齐心，其利断金 | When brothers come together, there is nothing they cannot achieve. | - |
| 君子一言，驷马难追 | A word spoken is a word that must be honored. | - |
| 和而不同 | harmony in diversity | - |
| 得其大者可以兼其小 | The finer details fall into place when they align with the bigger picture. | - |
| 行百里者半九十 | On reaching the last leg of a journey, you are only half way there. | - |
| 位卑未敢忘忧国 | Whatever my status, I will never lay aside my concern for the nation. | - |
| 富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈 | never be corrupted by wealth or status, depart from principle due to poverty or humble position, or bow down to power or force | - |
| 先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐 | I wish to be the first to worry about the nation’s woes and the last to share in its prosperity. | - |
| 人与自然和谐发展 | humankind develops in harmony with nature; harmonious development between man and nature | - |
| 生命共同体 | a community of life | - |
| 生态文明 | ecological progress; ecological conservation; eco-civilization | - |
| 生态文化 | eco-culture | - |
| 国家生态安全 | national ecological security | - |
| 全球生态安全 | global ecological security | - |
| 生态文明制度体系 | institutional framework for promoting ecological progress | - |
| 生态文明体制改革 | reform for promoting ecological progress | - |
| 绿色发展、循环发展、低碳发展 | green, circular, and low-carbon development | - |
| 节约优先、保护优先、自然恢复为主 | give high priority to conserving resources, protecting the environment, and letting nature restore itself | - |
| 生态保护红线 | ecological conservation redline | - |
| 国家公园体制 | national park system | - |
| 资源有偿使用和生态补偿制度 | system for payment-based resource use and compensation for ecological conservation | - |
| 跨区域、跨流域生态补偿机制 | mechanism for trans-regional and cross-watershed compensation for ecological conservation | - |
| 生态文明绩效评价考核和责任追究 | ecological conservation performance assessment and accountability | - |
| 生态环境损害责任终身追究制 | system of lifelong accountability for ecological and environmental damage | - |
| 污染物排放许可制 | permit system for pollutants emissions | - |
| 绿水青山就是金山银山 | Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. | - |
| 国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划（“十三五”规划） | the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China (the 13th Five-Year Plan ) | - |
| 全面建成 | the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects | - |
| 坚持人民主体地位 | uphold the principal position of the people | - |
| 引领经济发展新常态 | guide the new normal in China’s economic development | - |
| 中高速增长 | medium-high rate of economic growth | - |
| 创新发展 | innovative development | - |
| 创新是引领发展的第一动力 | Innovation is the primary engine of development. | - |
| 协调发展 | coordinated development | - |
| 协调是持续健康发展的内在要求 | Coordination is an integral aspect of sustained and healthy development. | - |
| 绿色发展 | green development; eco-friendly development | - |
| 开放发展 | open development | - |
| 开放是国家繁荣发展的必由之路 | Opening up is the path China must take to achieve prosperity and development. | - |
| 共享发展 | shared development | - |
| 共享是中国特色社会主义的本质要求 | Sharing is the essence of socialism with Chinese characteristics. | - |
| 台儿庄大捷 | Battle of Tai’erzhuang; victory at Tai’erzhuang | - |
| 七七事变（卢沟桥事变） | July 7th Incident (Lugou Bridge Incident) | - |
| 人民陪审员制度 | system of people’s assessors | - |
| 高压态势 | tough stance | - |
| 局部抗战 | regional war of resistance against Japanese aggression | - |
| 东方主战场 | the main Eastern battlefield | - |
| 化学战 | chemical warfare | - |
| 国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划（“十三五”规划） | the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China (the 13th Five-Year Plan ) | - |
| 地雷战 | landmine warfare | - |
| 有法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究 | ensure that laws are put in place, observed, and strictly enforced and that anyone who violates the law is held to account | - |
| 中国精神 | Chinese spirit | - |
| 南京大屠杀 | Nanjing Massacre | - |
| 普惠金融 | inclusive finance | - |
| 织密织牢民生保障网 | develop a tightly woven and sturdy safety net | - |
| 简化对外投资审批程序 | simplify procedures for reviewing outbound investment | - |
| 武汉会战 | Battle of Wuhan | - |
| 全面建成 | the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects | - |
| 细菌战 | germ warfare | - |
| 九一八事变 | September 18th Incident | - |
| 拦路虎 | tiger in the road | - |
| “慰安妇” | “comfort women” | - |
| 重大决策终身责任追究制度 | system of lifelong accountability for major decisions | - |
| 创新是引领发展的第一动力 | Innovation is the primary engine of development. | - |
| “蚕食” | “gnawing-away” operation | - |
| 东北抗日联军 | Northeast United Resistance Army | - |
| 敌后战场 | backstage battlefield | - |
| 结构性减税和普遍性降费 | make structural tax reductions and cut fees across the board | - |
| “扫荡” | “mopping-up” operation | - |
| 创新发展 | innovative development | - |
| 持久战 | protracted war | - |
| 硬骨头 | tough issue | - |
| 实施大部门制 | merge and streamline government departments | - |
| 开放是国家繁荣发展的必由之路 | Opening up is the path China must take to achieve prosperity and development. | - |
| 平型关大捷 | Battle of Pingxingguan; victory at Pingxingguan | - |
| 基本公共服务均等化 | ensure equitable access to basic public services | - |
| 双目标 | dual objectives | - |
| 强农惠农富农 | strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and raise rural living standards | - |
| 用政府权力的“减法”，换取市场活力的“乘法” | cut government powers to boost market vitality | - |
| 生态文明制度体系 | institutional framework for promoting ecological progress | - |
| 依法行政 | law-based administration of government | - |
| 政府权力清单 | list of government powers | - |
| 命运共同体 | community with a common future | - |
| 保基本、兜底线、建机制 | build up a basic safety net, ensure there is a cushion in place for those most in need, and make due institutional arrangements | - |
| 生态文明 | ecological progress; ecological conservation; eco-civilization | - |
| 抗日民族统一战线 | Chinese united front against Japanese aggression | - |
| 共享发展 | shared development | - |
| 依法治国和以德治国相结合 | combine the rule of law with the rule of virtue | - |
| “731部队”（满洲第731部队） | “Unit 731” (Unit 731 of Manchuria) | - |
| 简政放权、放管结合 | streamline government functions and administration and delegate powers while improving regulation | - |
| “三光”政策 | “Three Alls” policy (kill all, burn all, loot all) | - |
| 执法责任制 | accountability system for law enforcement | - |
| 创新政府、廉洁政府和服务型政府 | an innovative, clean, and service-oriented government | - |
| 中国人民抗日战争 | the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (the War of Resistance) | - |
| 生态文明绩效评价考核和责任追究 | ecological conservation performance assessment and accountability | - |
| 协调是持续健康发展的内在要求 | Coordination is an integral aspect of sustained and healthy development. | - |
| 绿色发展、循环发展、低碳发展 | green, circular, and low-carbon development | - |
| 中高速增长 | medium-high rate of economic growth | - |
| 共享是中国特色社会主义的本质要求 | Sharing is the essence of socialism with Chinese characteristics. | - |
| 法立，有犯而必施；令出，唯行而不返 | Once enacted, a law must be enforced and anyone who violates it must be held to account. | - |
| “互联网+”行动计划 | Internet Plus Action Plan | - |
| 绿色发展 | green development; eco-friendly development | - |
| 千里之行，始于足下 | A journey of a thousand li begins with a single step. | - |
| 八路军 | Eighth Route Army | - |
| 世界反法西斯战争 | the Global War against Fascism | - |
| 绿水青山就是金山银山 | Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. | - |
| 行政审批 | government review and approval | - |
| 政贵有恒 | Consistency is valuable in governance. | - |
| 生态环境损害责任终身追究制 | system of lifelong accountability for ecological and environmental damage | - |
| 节约优先、保护优先、自然恢复为主 | give high priority to conserving resources, protecting the environment, and letting nature restore itself | - |
| 太平洋战场 | Pacific theater | - |
| 全球生态安全 | global ecological security | - |
| “四个全面”战略布局 | Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy | - |
| 法定职责必须为、法无授权不可为 | Government must carry out all statutory functions and duties and may not do anything not authorized by law. | - |
| 游击战 | guerrilla warfare | - |
| 无条件投降 | unconditional surrender | - |
| 鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已 | I will work heart and soul for my country to the day I draw my last breath. | - |
| 协调发展 | coordinated development | - |
| 双引擎 | twin engines | - |
| 依法治国 | law-based governance of the country | - |
| 君子一言，驷马难追 | A word spoken is a word that must be honored. | - |
| 地道战 | tunnel warfare | - |
| 欧洲战场 | European theater | - |
| 健康稳定的大国关系框架 | a sound and stable framework for major-country relations | - |
| 位卑未敢忘忧国 | Whatever my status, I will never lay aside my concern for the nation. | - |
| 为公平竞争搭好舞台 | level the playing field for fair competition | - |
| “清乡” | “pacification” operation | - |
| 污染物排放许可制 | permit system for pollutants emissions | - |
| 战争策源地 | hotbed of war | - |
| 游击区 | guerrilla area | - |
| 中国力量 | Chinese strength | - |
| 创客 | maker | - |
| 从制造大国转向制造强国 | transform China from a manufacturer of quantity to one of quality | - |
| 淞沪会战 | Battle of Shanghai | - |
| 国家公园体制 | national park system | - |
| 苟日新，日日新，又日新 | If you can improve yourself in a day, do so each day, forever building on improvement. | - |
| 政府机构改革 | government institutional reform | - |
| 中国人民抗日战争胜利纪念日 | Victory Memorial Day for the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (VM Day) | - |
| 加强国际传播能力建设 | improve our ability to communicate effectively with international audiences | - |
| 扶上马、送一程 | give (sb) a leg up to get (sb) going | - |
| 转变政府职能 | transform government functions | - |
| 兄弟齐心，其利断金 | When brothers come together, there is nothing they cannot achieve. | - |
| 功崇惟志，业广惟勤 | Great accomplishments require ambition and tireless effort. | - |
| 百团大战 | Hundred-Regiment Campaign | - |
| 行百里者半九十 | On reaching the last leg of a journey, you are only half way there. | - |
| 重大决策责任倒查机制 | mechanism for retroactive investigation into accountability for major decisions | - |
| 中国制造2025 | Made in China 2025 strategy | - |
| 经济行稳致远 | maintain sustainable economic growth | - |
| 生态保护红线 | ecological conservation redline | - |
| 世界人民的梦想 | dreams of all peoples | - |
| 全国抗战 | nationwide war of resistance against Japanese aggression | - |
| 坚持人民主体地位 | uphold the principal position of the people | - |
| 得其大者可以兼其小 | The finer details fall into place when they align with the bigger picture. | - |
| 新常态 | new normal | - |
| 法律是治国之重器，良法是善治之前提 | The law is of great value in the governance of a country, and good laws are a prerequisite for good governance. | - |
| 依法执政 | law-based exercise of state power | - |
| 中国道路 | Chinese path | - |
| “大东亚共荣圈” | “Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere” | - |
| 有权不可任性 | Power is not to be used arbitrarily. | - |
| 资源有偿使用和生态补偿制度 | system for payment-based resource use and compensation for ecological conservation | - |
| 生态文化 | eco-culture | - |
| 依宪治国 | governance of the country on the basis of its constitution | - |
| 中国方案 | Chinese approach | - |
| 社会主义法治国家 | socialist country built on the rule of law | - |
| 和平发展道路 | path of peaceful development | - |
| 解放区 | liberated area | - |
| 全面全民族抗战 | total resistance against Japanese aggression by the whole nation | - |
| 法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设 | a holistic approach to strengthening the rule of law in the country, in its government, and in society | - |
| 新四军 | New Fourth Army | - |
| 运动战 | mobile warfare | - |
| 市场准入负面清单 | market access negative list | - |
| 宪法日 | Constitution Day | - |
| 战略防御/相持/反攻 | strategic defense/stalemate/counter-offensive | - |
| 保持战略定力 | maintain strategic focus | - |
| 社会主义法治国家 | socialist rule of law country; | - |
| 天下之事，不难于立法，而难于法之必行 | In the governance of a country, it is the enforcement, not the enactment, of law that presents the greatest challenge. | - |
| 正面战场 | center stage battlefield | - |
| 生态文明体制改革 | reform for promoting ecological progress | - |
| 人与自然和谐发展 | humankind develops in harmony with nature; harmonious development between man and nature | - |
| 和而不同 | harmony in diversity | - |
| 法治体系 | rule of law system | - |
| 让更多的金融活水流向实体经济 | allow more financial resources to be channeled into the real economy | - |
| 片面抗战 | partial resistance against Japanese aggression | - |
| 先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐 | I wish to be the first to worry about the nation’s woes and the last to share in its prosperity. | - |
| 国家生态安全 | national ecological security | - |
| 中国远征军 | Chinese Expeditionary Force | - |
| 精准扶贫、精准脱贫 | take targeted measures to help people lift themselves out of poverty | - |
| 华南人民抗日游击队 | Southern China People’s Counter-Japanese Guerrilla Force | - |
| 敌占区（沦陷区） | enemy-occupied area; occupied area | - |
| 引领经济发展新常态 | guide the new normal in China’s economic development | - |
| 跨区域、跨流域生态补偿机制 | mechanism for trans-regional and cross-watershed compensation for ecological conservation | - |
| 于法有据 | have a legal basis | - |
| 商事制度改革 | reform of the business system | - |
| 中国战场 | China theater | - |
| 生命共同体 | a community of life | - |
| 众创空间 | maker space | - |
| 税收法定原则 | principle of law-based taxation | - |
| 以释放市场活力对冲经济下行压力 | invigorate the market to offset downward economic pressure | - |
| 国际反法西斯统一战线 | the international anti-fascist united front | - |
| “两个一百年”奋斗目标 | Two Centenary Goals | - |
| 抗日根据地 | resistance base | - |
| 富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈 | never be corrupted by wealth or status, depart from principle due to poverty or humble position, or bow down to power or force | - |
| 开放发展 | open development | - |
| 建设法治中国 | build a rule of law China | - |
| 全面规范、公开透明的预算制度 | a comprehensive, well-regulated, and transparent budget system | - |
| 政府责任清单 | list of government responsibilities | - |
| 中国梦 | Chinese Dream | - |
| 互利共赢的开放战略 | mutually beneficial opening up strategy | - |
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